OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (OOP) represents an attempt to make programs
more closely model the way people think about and deal with the world. In the older
styles of programming, a programmer who is faced with some problem must identify
a computing task that needs to be performed in order to solve the problem. Programming
then consists of finding a sequence of instructions that will accomplish that
task. But at the heart of object-oriented programming, instead of tasks we find objects
– entities that have behaviors, that hold information, and that can interact with
one another. Programming consists of designing a set of objects that model the problem
at hand. Software objects in the program can represent real or abstract entities
in the problem domain. This is supposed to make the design of the program more
natural and hence easier to get right and easier to understand.
An object-oriented programming language such as JAVA includes a number of
features that make it very different from a standard language. In order to make
effective use of those features, you have to “orient” your thinking correctly.
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